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Investigation

Cockpit Voice Captures Fuel Cutoff Confusion in Air India AI171 Crash Preliminary Report

Aviation Today News Desk July 12, 2025

Gujarat, India: The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) has released the preliminary report into the crash of Air India’s Boeing 787-8

Washington, D.C., United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has released its final report into the in-flight depressurization incident involving Alaska Airlines Flight 1282, identifying critical failures by both Boeing and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The incident, which occurred on January 5, 2024, involved the mid-cabin exit door plug separating mid-air from a Boeing 737-9 MAX, leading to an emergency landing in Portland, Oregon. No fatalities occurred, though eight people sustained minor injuries. The NTSB investigation concludes that a series of manufacturing errors, documentation lapses, and oversight failures contributed to the serious safety breach. Incident Summary Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 departed from Portland International Airport at 5:07 p.m. on January 5, 2024. While climbing through approximately 14,830 feet, the aircraft experienced a sudden depressurization due to the separation of the left mid-cabin exit door plug. The cabin pressure rapidly dropped, oxygen masks deployed, and a loud explosive sound was heard. The crew declared an emergency and landed safely back in Portland at 5:27 p.m., 20 minutes after departure. The aircraft was carrying 171 passengers and six crew members. Manufacturing Lapses at Boeing Identified According to the NTSB’s 19-page final report, the door plug had been removed by Boeing personnel at the company’s Renton, Washington facility during fuselage repairs in September 2023. However, no documentation of the removal or reinstallation was found, violating standard production protocols. Furthermore, investigators determined that four critical bolts securing the door plug were never reinstalled. Boeing's internal tracking systems failed to log the maintenance action. The report states, "Boeing did not have procedures to ensure that the required safety documentation or final inspections were completed after door plug reinstallation." The door plug, which is used to cover an optional emergency exit area on high-density seating configurations, is designed to be held in place by 12 fittings and four key retention bolts. The NTSB confirmed that the plug gradually shifted out of position and ultimately detached due to missing fasteners. Inadequate Training and Procedures The NTSB noted that Boeing’s assembly teams lacked adequate training to properly handle door plug installations. The company’s work instructions were described as overly complex and lacking clarity, particularly regarding non-routine work. The investigation found that the work was performed by a team unfamiliar with the procedure. It was further revealed that quality assurance staff failed to verify the bolt installation, allowing the aircraft to proceed through final assembly and delivery without detecting the omission. FAA Oversight Deficiencies In addition to Boeing’s errors, the NTSB cited the FAA’s ineffective compliance and surveillance mechanisms. While the agency had conducted multiple audits at Boeing facilities in prior years, it failed to detect or address systemic lapses in documentation, workforce training, and final assembly inspections. The NTSB concluded that the FAA’s oversight was “inadequate to identify recurring noncompliance” and did not sufficiently mitigate risk associated with critical assembly processes. Probable Cause and Contributing Factors The report states the probable cause of the accident as: "The in-flight separation of the left mid-cabin exit door plug due to the failure of Boeing to ensure that the plug was reinstalled with all required retention hardware during production... Contributing to the accident was the FAA’s ineffective oversight of Boeing’s production processes and safety compliance." Safety Recommendations Issued In total, the NTSB issued 19 safety recommendations, including: A redesign of the 737-9 MAX mid-exit door plug to prevent inadvertent displacement Improved documentation protocols and quality control procedures for component removal and reinstallation Enhanced workforce training for Boeing production and quality assurance personnel Strengthened FAA audit procedures and risk-based surveillance methods Mandated tracking of critical fastener installation for all high-risk components Nine recommendations were directed to Boeing and ten to the FAA. In a statement, Boeing acknowledged the findings and stated that it has implemented "significant corrective actions" in response to the incident and the investigation. The company has committed over $1 billion toward improving safety systems, production oversight, and employee training across its 737 program. The FAA stated that it is reviewing the NTSB’s recommendations and has already implemented a production cap on 737 MAX aircraft pending further compliance improvements. The January 2024 incident raised renewed scrutiny of the Boeing 737 MAX program, which had previously been grounded worldwide following two fatal crashes in 2018 and 2019. Following this event, hundreds of MAX 9 aircraft were temporarily grounded for inspection by the FAA, leading to widespread schedule disruptions for multiple airlines.

NTSB Blames Boeing for Manufacturing Errors for Alaska Airlines Door Plug Incident

Aviation Today News Desk July 11, 2025

Washington, D.C., United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has released its final report into the in-flight depressurization incident involving

New Delhi, India: Indian authorities are intensifying their investigation into the fatal crash of Air India Flight AI171, with officials confirming that sabotage has not been ruled out as a possible cause. The Boeing 787 Dreamliner, operating on the London-Ahmedabad route, crashed on June 12, resulting in the deaths of all 241 people on board and 19 individuals on the ground. The crash is now considered one of the deadliest aviation disasters in India’s recent history. Black Box Data Under Analysis The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) confirmed that the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and flight data recorder (FDR) were recovered from the wreckage and are currently being analyzed at a newly equipped laboratory in New Delhi. Officials reported that data from both recorders has been successfully downloaded and the process of reconstructing the aircraft’s final moments is underway. The investigation is being carried out with technical assistance from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), aircraft manufacturer Boeing, and engine maker GE Aerospace. All Possible Causes Being Investigated India’s Minister of State for Civil Aviation, Murlidhar Mohol, stated that no potential cause is being ruled out, including mechanical failure, human error, or sabotage. “The government is committed to a transparent investigation. We are examining every angle, including the possibility of sabotage,” Mohol told reporters. Authorities are scrutinizing CCTV footage from the Ahmedabad airport premises and have questioned several ground-handling personnel. Devices, including mobile phones of certain airport staff, have been seized as part of the probe. Investigators are particularly focusing on any activity near the aircraft in the hours leading up to its departure from London and arrival in Ahmedabad. Sabotage Considered, But Not Confirmed While no conclusive evidence of sabotage has yet been found, the Ministry of Civil Aviation has acknowledged that certain anomalies such as a simultaneous failure of both engines are rare and require thorough examination. Deployment of the aircraft’s emergency Ram Air Turbine (RAT) shortly before impact further supports the theory that the aircraft lost all primary engine power. Officials have not disclosed whether any pre-crash communication indicated a technical or security issue. Domestic Handling of Investigation Contrary to earlier speculation, India has decided not to send the black boxes abroad for analysis. According to government officials, all data extraction and analysis are being handled domestically using newly acquired digital forensics infrastructure. India has also declined a request from the United Nations to allow an ICAO-appointed aviation investigator to participate in the probe. The move has drawn both domestic and international attention, with the government assuring that international best practices under ICAO Annex 13 guidelines are being followed. Fleet Inspections and Safety Measures Following the crash, Air India initiated a precautionary inspection of all 33 Boeing 787s in its fleet. As of June 30, 26 aircraft have cleared safety checks, while the remaining seven continue to undergo technical evaluation. The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has also issued advisories to all Indian carriers to enhance maintenance checks on wide-body aircraft and reinforce pilot training related to engine-out procedures. Preliminary Report Expected by Mid-July Under ICAO standards, a preliminary report is due within 30 days of the crash. Officials have indicated that the report is on schedule and should be published by mid-July. A final report, which will include a detailed causal analysis and safety recommendations, is expected within three to six months. Until then, the AAIB will continue to lead a multi-agency investigation, supported by central aviation authorities, Gujarat Police, counter-terrorism agencies, and technical teams from international aviation partners. Background Air India Flight AI171 was approaching Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad when it experienced a sudden and complete loss of engine power. The aircraft crashed in a residential area approximately 8 km from the airport claiming 241 of 242 lives on board and 1 survivor. This is the first fatal crash involving a Boeing 787 aircraft in Indian aviation history. The incident has prompted widespread scrutiny of Air India’s operational protocols and the broader state of aviation safety oversight in the country.

Air India Crash: Black Boxes Analyzed as India Probes Engine Failure, Sabotage Angle

Aviation Today News Desk July 1, 2025

New Delhi, India: Indian authorities are intensifying their investigation into the fatal crash of Air India Flight AI171, with officials confirming

Emergency System Likely Deployed, Damaged Black Boxes Hinder Probe Into Air India Crash

Aviation Today News Desk June 19, 2025

New Delhi, India: The investigation into the fatal crash of Air India Flight AI171 continues to develop, with new details emerging

Denver, United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has released its preliminary findings into the dramatic engine fire that broke out on American Airlines Flight 1006 minutes after landing at Denver International Airport on March 13, 2025. The incident involved a Boeing 737‑800 that had departed from Colorado Springs and was originally headed for Dallas-Fort Worth before being diverted to Denver due to engine anomalies. In its preliminary report (DCA25FA159), the NTSB revealed that the fire was triggered by a fuel leak in the aircraft’s No. 2 (right) engine. The cause of the leak has been traced to improper maintenance work, including a part that was installed loosely and in the wrong orientation, and another component that was not securely fastened. These issues likely allowed fuel to escape, which ignited once the aircraft had landed and was taxiing to the gate. This update follows initial reporting by Aviation Today, which covered the incident when it occurred. At the time, passengers were seen evacuating the aircraft via emergency slides, and thick smoke was observed billowing from the right engine. According to the NTSB, 12 passengers sustained minor injuries during the evacuation. One overwing exit and the jetbridge slide were deployed, while the rear slide failed to function. The remaining 166 passengers and crew exited safely. The fire was extinguished promptly by emergency crews stationed at Denver International Airport. American Airlines has confirmed that it is cooperating fully with investigators and has reiterated its commitment to passenger safety. The airline has not yet issued a detailed statement on the maintenance issues cited in the report. The NTSB emphasized that this is a preliminary report and further investigation is underway. While it includes critical factual information, the final cause and any safety recommendations will be issued in a later phase. Engine fires, though rare, pose significant risk especially if they occur during flight. In this incident, identifying fuel system vulnerabilities and maintenance errors could lead to industry-wide adjustments in inspection protocols.

Misinstalled Engine Parts Led to March Fire on American Airlines Flight in Denver: NTSB

Aviation Today News Desk June 6, 2025

Picture credits: X Denver, United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has released its preliminary findings into the dramatic engine

Boeing has reached a tentative $1.1 billion agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice to settle criminal charges related to the 737 MAX crashes of 2018 and 2019, which killed 346 people. The deal includes financial penalties, a victims' fund, and enhanced oversight measures. Boeing avoids trial but admits to misleading the FAA, drawing criticism from victims' families and sparking debate on corporate accountability

Boeing Escapes Trial, $1.1B Deal With DOJ Over 737 MAX Crashes That Killed 346 People

Aviation Today News Desk May 24, 2025

Picture Credits: PK-REN (Flickr) Seattle, United States: In a major legal development, Boeing has reached a tentative $1.1 billion agreement with

A Cessna Citation II crashed into San Diego’s Murphy Canyon early Thursday, killing all six onboard and igniting fires that damaged several homes. The jet struck power lines while approaching Montgomery-Gibbs Airport. Among the victims were music figures Dave Shapiro and Daniel Williams. Over 100 residents were evacuated, and eight suffered minor injuries. Investigations are underway, though key flight data was lost | Aviation Today

Six Killed after Cessna Citation II Crashes into San Diego Homes, FAA & NTSB Launch Probe

Aviation Today News Desk May 23, 2025

Picture Credits: AP Photo/Gregory Bull) San Diego, United States: A tragic aviation accident shook the city of San Diego early Thursday

In a serious act of sabotage, three Diamond DA42 aircraft were destroyed in a suspected arson attack at Airways Aviation France | ESMA, located at Montpellier Airport. The fire, which broke out late on May 20, 2025, has prompted an official criminal investigation. Authorities believe the fire was intentionally set, and initial findings suggest a clear breach of airport security. No injuries were reported, but the damage significantly impacts ESMA’s training operations.

Arson Attack Destroys Three Diamond DA42s Training Aircraft at Airways Aviation France

Aviation Today News Desk May 21, 2025

Picture Credits: Airways Aviation Montpellier, France: In a shocking act of sabotage, a suspected arson attack early Tuesday morning severely impacted

Kauttua, Finland: A fatal mid-air collision involving two Robinson R44 helicopters occurred on Friday, May 17, 2025, near the town of Kauttua in southwestern Finland, resulting in the deaths of all five individuals on board. The helicopters, flying from Tallinn, Estonia, to a recreational aviation event at Piikajärvi Airfield in Kokemäki, were operated by Estonian companies and carried well-known business leaders. Sequence of Events The helicopters were traveling in the same direction as part of a group flight when they collided in flight under Visual Flight Rules (VFR) at approximately 12:30 PM local time. The crash site, located roughly 1.5 kilometers west of Eura Airport, revealed debris in two distinct areas, indicating an in-flight breakup before impact. Initial reports suggest that the helicopters were flying in close formation, a common but inherently risky maneuver in general aviation. Weather conditions were reportedly clear, and no distress signal was sent before the collision. Victims and Aircraft Details The deceased include Oleg Sõnajalg, a notable Estonian entrepreneur and co-founder of TV1, and Priit Jaagant, CEO of construction firm Mapri Ehitus, along with his spouse Lilit Jaagant. The other two victims, whose identities have not been formally disclosed, are believed to be experienced aviation personnel connected to the flight operation. One helicopter was Estonian-registered and the other Austrian-registered, with both reportedly maintained in accordance with EASA standards. Investigation Launched The Finnish Safety Investigation Authority (Otkes) is leading the investigation, with assistance from the National Bureau of Investigation, Finnish police, and Estonian counterparts. Preliminary analysis will focus on possible pilot misjudgment, flight separation error, or communication failure. One of the aircraft's recording devices was destroyed on impact, and the second lacked relevant in-flight data. Authorities have requested additional radar and ATC records, although the flight was conducted under conditions that may not have involved formal air traffic control communication. A full accident report is expected within a year, pending technical examination and review of maintenance logs, pilot qualifications, and flight planning documents. Broader Implications The incident has reignited discussions on safety oversight in private aviation. In Estonia, most aviation accidents over the past decade have involved private or recreational flying. Experts have pointed to a lack of structured safety systems and risk management in leisure aviation compared to commercial operations. The accident also echoes broader concerns raised in Europe following past mid-air collisions involving privately operated helicopters, including a notable 2017 incident in the UK and various formation flight accidents documented across the region. The Estonian business and aviation communities have expressed deep sorrow over the loss. Government officials from both countries extended condolences to the victims’ families and reiterated the importance of strengthening cross-border aviation safety collaboration. While the investigation continues, authorities have advised private operators to adhere strictly to formation flying protocols, altitude separation standards, and in-flight communication practices.

Deadly Mid-Air Collision in Finland Kills Five, Including Estonian Business Leaders

Aviation Today News Desk May 20, 2025

Picture Credits: Finnish Safety Investigation Authority (OTKES) Kauttua, Finland: A fatal mid-air collision involving two Robinson R44 helicopters occurred on Friday,

A Spanish safety report confirms Lufthansa Flight LH1140 flew without a pilot for nearly 10 minutes in February 2024 after the co-pilot suffered a seizure alone in the cockpit. The captain was briefly locked out due to security protocols but regained control after the co-pilot reopened the door. The flight was safely diverted to Madrid. Authorities are urging a review of cockpit access rules and pilot health checks. Lufthansa is cooperating with the investigation.

Lufthansa Flight Flew Unmanned for 10 Minutes After Co-Pilot Collapsed Mid-Flight

Aviation Today News Desk May 17, 2025

Madrid, SPAIN: A Lufthansa Airbus A321 operating Flight LH1140 from Frankfurt to Seville was left without a conscious pilot for approximately

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Investigation

Cockpit Voice Captures Fuel Cutoff Confusion in Air India AI171 Crash Preliminary Report

NTSB Blames Boeing for Manufacturing Errors for Alaska Airlines Door Plug Incident

Air India Crash: Black Boxes Analyzed as India Probes Engine Failure, Sabotage Angle

Emergency System Likely Deployed, Damaged Black Boxes Hinder Probe Into Air India Crash

Misinstalled Engine Parts Led to March Fire on American Airlines Flight in Denver: NTSB

Boeing Escapes Trial, $1.1B Deal With DOJ Over 737 MAX Crashes That Killed 346 People

Six Killed after Cessna Citation II Crashes into San Diego Homes, FAA & NTSB Launch Probe

Arson Attack Destroys Three Diamond DA42s Training Aircraft at Airways Aviation France

Deadly Mid-Air Collision in Finland Kills Five, Including Estonian Business Leaders

Lufthansa Flight Flew Unmanned for 10 Minutes After Co-Pilot Collapsed Mid-Flight

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