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Investigation

South Korea Approves Independent Probe Into Deadly Jeju Air Crash That Killed 179

Aviation Today News Desk December 30, 2025

Seoul, South Korea: South Korea’s National Assembly has passed legislation to establish an independent parliamentary investigation into the December 2024 Jeju

Washington, United States: The United States government has formally acknowledged partial fault in the January 29 mid-air collision between the U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter and a commercial regional jet near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, a disaster that claimed 67 lives and stands as the deadliest aviation accident on U.S. soil in more than two decades. In a 209-page federal court filing responding to a wrongful-death lawsuit filed by the family of victim Casey Crafton, the Department of Justice stated that the government “owed a duty of care to Plaintiffs, which it breached, thereby approximately causing the tragic accident.” The admission of liability is rare in aviation cases and directly acknowledges failings by both military and civilian aviation entities. According to the court filing, the Army helicopter crew did not maintain “appropriate and safe visual separation” from the approaching regional jet, a Bombardier CRJ-700 operating as American Eagle Flight 5342 from Wichita, Kansas, carrying 60 passengers and four crew. The helicopter was conducting a night-vision goggle training mission. The Justice Department also acknowledged that an air traffic controller at Reagan National Airport failed to follow Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) procedures for visual separation of aircraft, a critical lapse in a congested airspace where civilian and military traffic intersect. Although the government admitted it bore responsibility, it said that other parties, including American Airlines and its subsidiary PSA Airlines, also played roles and have filed motions to dismiss claims against them. The collision occurred at approximately 8:46 p.m. EST over the Potomac River, just before the regional jet was to land on Runway 33. All 64 occupants of the passenger aircraft perished along with the three soldiers aboard the helicopter. Prior investigations identified the helicopter’s altitude exceeding its designated flight path limits and questioned whether night-vision equipment and a malfunctioning altimeter may have hindered the crew’s ability to detect the oncoming jet. Among those killed were members of the figure skating community, coaches, and family members returning from a competition, a factor that drew public attention and intensified scrutiny of safety practices. Legal experts described the government’s admission as unusual and a significant development for the families seeking compensation. The move allows lawsuits to proceed under the Federal Tort Claims Act, a statute that waives sovereign immunity under defined circumstances. A widow of a passenger killed in the collision had filed a wrongful-death lawsuit against American Airlines, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the U.S. Army, alleging the carriers and government agencies failed in their duty to protect the flying public; the suit, filed on behalf of her late husband, claims oversight lapses and ignored warning signs contributed to the crash and seeks accountability and compensation for victims’ families. Separately, lawmakers have responded with legislative action. The U.S. The Senate recently passed bipartisan safety legislation requiring advanced tracking systems, such as Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B), on military helicopters operating near civilian airports, a measure aimed at preventing similar tragedies. NTSB preliminary findings indicate that faulty altitude data and gaps in air traffic control oversight were significant factors in the January 29 Potomac River mid-air collision, suggesting that the U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopters may have been flying higher than its intended altitude because onboard barometric altimeters were under-reading actual height, while air traffic controllers relied on inadequate situational information and procedures that failed to detect or resolve these discrepancies before impact. The board’s early analysis also highlighted systemic weaknesses in how visual separation responsibilities and helicopter route structures were managed in the congested Reagan National Airport airspace, underscoring both technical and procedural lapses that contributed to the fatal convergence of the helicopter and the American Airlines regional jet. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) continues its independent probe. A final probable-cause report, expected in early 2026, will provide a definitive technical explanation of the collision and recommendations to improve airspace safety.

U.S. Government Acknowledges Breach Of Duty In Washington Mid-Air Crash That Killed 67

Aviation Today News Desk December 19, 2025

Washington, United States: The United States government has formally acknowledged partial fault in the January 29 mid-air collision between the U.S.

Beijing, China: A Beijing court has delivered a significant legal ruling in one of the longest-running civil matters connected to the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370, ordering the airline to pay compensation to the families of eight passengers more than 11 years after the aircraft vanished. On 8 March 2014, Flight MH370, a Boeing 777 operating from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, disappeared from radar just under an hour after take-off with 239 people on board. Despite extensive international search efforts in the southern Indian Ocean and intermittent private expeditions, the main wreckage of the aircraft has never been found and the cause of its disappearance remains unresolved. The Chaoyang District People’s Court in Beijing ruled that Malaysia Airlines must pay 2.9 million yuan (approximately US$410,000) to each of the eight families whose relatives were aboard the flight and have now been legally declared dead. The compensation is intended to cover funeral expenses, emotional distress, and other financial losses, according to the court statement. This judgment represents the first formal Chinese court decision awarding damages in MH370-related litigation. A spokesman for the court said that 47 other cases were withdrawn after the families reached out-of-court settlements with Malaysia Airlines and its international arm, while 23 cases remain pending in the Chinese legal system. Most of the passengers on MH370 were Chinese nationals, giving Chinese courts jurisdiction over compensation claims under international air law and domestic regulations. Under the Montreal Convention, airlines are liable for proven damages in international air transport, with additional court proceedings often required to quantify emotional and non-economic damage. Malaysia Airlines has not publicly commented on the ruling at the time of publication. The compensation ruling comes as renewed interest and activity surrounds the ongoing search for MH370’s wreckage. Malaysian authorities have announced plans to restart a seabed search operation at the end of December 2025, focusing on a designated area of the Indian Ocean informed by the latest data and analysis from marine robotics firm Ocean Infinity operating under a “no-find, no-fee” contract. This new search phase underscores the enduring quest for answers from families and aviation experts nearly a decade and a half after the disappearance of the flight, one of the most enduring mysteries in modern aviation history.

Beijing Court Orders Malaysia Airlines To Pay 2.9M Yuan To Families Of MH370 Victims

Aviation Today News Desk December 16, 2025

Beijing, China: A Beijing court has delivered a significant legal ruling in one of the longest-running civil matters connected to the

Auckland, New Zealand: An Airbus A320‑Neo operated by Air New Zealand (Flight NZ249) experienced an uncommanded engine shutdown mid‑flight last year, due to a defective fire‑switch, the Transport Accident Investigation Commission (TAIC) confirmed in its interim report released on 4 December 2025. The incident occurred on 1 December 2024, when the aircraft was en route from Wellington to Sydney. Approximately 40 minutes after takeoff, the No. 2 engine unexpectedly shut down following activation of the overhead fire‑switch despite no pilot input. The crew declared a mayday and safely diverted to Auckland Airport, with all 154 passengers and crew unharmed. TAIC’s report identifies internal damage to the fire‑switch mechanism as the primary cause. A retaining pin inside the switch had bent, reducing the latching security and allowing vibration or normal operation to trigger the switch inadvertently. Inspections revealed that the panel surrounding the switch also showed signs of deformation, further contributing to the uncommanded activation. “The fire‑switch is designed to be manually operated only in case of an actual engine fire,” TAIC noted. “Its activation without pilot input posed a significant safety risk.” The commission also highlighted that the same fire‑panel design is used across the global A320 fleet indicating that other aircraft could potentially be affected. The switch manufacturer had issued service bulletins in late 2024 recommending inspection of previously repaired panels, but those checks focused on visually detectable external damage. Following the ANZ incident, Airbus expanded its guidance to inspect all affected fire‑panels for any signs of deformation within 1,000 flight cycles. The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has since issued an Airworthiness Directive mandating such inspections and, where necessary, replacement of defective panels. Air New Zealand reportedly removed suspect panels from its fleet in early December 2024. On 28 November 2025, Airbus triggered another major safety action ordering a global recall of approximately 6,000 A320‑family aircraft, following a serious mid‑air flight‑control issue linked to corruption of flight‑control data under intense solar radiation. In a statement, Airbus described the recall as “precautionary,” urging all operators worldwide to apply an immediate software rollback (or, where required, hardware modifications) before affected aircraft are flown again. This recall reportedly the largest in Airbus’s 55‑year history affects over half of the global A320 fleet and has already prompted airlines across the U.S., Europe, Asia and beyond to ground jets for urgent software updates.

Air NZ A320-Neo Suffered Uncommanded Engine Shutdown Due to Faulty Fire-Switch: TAIC

Aviation Today News Desk December 4, 2025

Auckland, New Zealand: An Airbus A320‑Neo operated by Air New Zealand (Flight NZ249) experienced an uncommanded engine shutdown mid‑flight last year,

New Delhi, India: The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has grounded an Air India Airbus A320 aircraft and launched a formal investigation after it was found to have operated eight commercial flights without a valid Airworthiness Review Certificate (ARC). The lapse was discovered during a routine night‑halt inspection by an engineer, who noticed the aircraft’s ARC had expired. The certificate is mandatory to ensure the aircraft meets maintenance and safety standards before any flight. DGCA officials confirmed the aircraft had flown eight “revenue sectors” on 24–25 November 2025, despite the absence of a valid ARC. Flying without this certificate is considered a serious compliance violation as it directly pertains to flight safety. Following the discovery, DGCA immediately grounded the aircraft and suspended all personnel responsible for approving its release to service pending the outcome of the investigation. The regulator has also instructed Air India to conduct an internal compliance audit to identify systemic gaps and prevent future lapses. In a statement, Air India acknowledged the incident, calling it “regrettable.” The airline said it self-reported the breach to DGCA, suspended the staff involved, and initiated its own internal investigation. It reaffirmed its commitment to strict safety and regulatory compliance. Operating an aircraft without a valid airworthiness certificate poses significant safety risks and could potentially impact insurance coverage for the aircraft, including hull, liability, and passenger insurance. It has been described as a Level‑1 violation, the most serious type of compliance failure concerning aircraft safety standards. The aircraft was part of the former Vistara fleet, which merged with Air India in late 2024. After the merger, DGCA renewed ARCs for 69 of 70 aircraft. The 70th aircraft, which later operated eight sectors, had undergone an engine change, during which its ARC expired. Despite this, it was mistakenly released into service. DGCA’s inquiry will determine whether penalties, fines, or further actions against responsible personnel are warranted. Air India’s internal investigation will also examine systemic compliance gaps and recommend measures to prevent recurrence.

DGCA Grounds Air India A320 After Aircraft Operates Eight Flights Without Valid ARC

Aviation Today News Desk December 3, 2025

New Delhi, India: The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has grounded an Air India Airbus A320 aircraft and launched a

Louisville, United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) said on Thursday its preliminary investigation into the Nov. 4 crash of UPS Flight 2976 in Louisville has identified fatigue cracks and areas of overstress failure on the left engine pylon aft mount lug, a structural connection that attaches the engine/pylon assembly to the wing. Investigators said the cracking preceded the accident and likely contributed to the pylon’s structural failure and subsequent separation of the left engine during takeoff. The accident involved MD-11F freighter N259UP, operating a domestic UPS cargo flight from Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport (SDF) to Honolulu, which was destroyed after impacting terrain shortly after liftoff. All three crewmembers aboard the aircraft and eleven people on the ground were fatally injured; 23 additional people on the ground were reported injured. The NTSB opened its investigation the day after the accident and recovered perishable data and wreckage for examination. According to the preliminary report, investigators documented evidence of fatigue cracking in the left pylon aft mount lug and signs of overstress on adjacent structure. The report notes that when one side of the pylon support failed from fatigue cracking, the remaining structure could not carry the redistributed load and experienced overstress failure. Investigators are now focused on the component’s maintenance and inspection history to determine why the cracks were not detected. NTSB officials said the discovery of fatigue cracks is a “major clue” in determining how the structural failure began but emphasized the investigation remains ongoing. The NTSB has invited parties including the FAA, UPS, Boeing (which acquired the MD-11 program after merging with McDonnell Douglas), GE Aerospace, and labor representatives to participate in the probe, and it will continue to collect and analyze flight data, maintenance records and metallurgical evidence. A final report is typically issued about a year after an accident. The preliminary finding prompted immediate regulatory and industry responses. Boeing recommended that operators temporarily ground MD-11 aircraft pending further analysis; several carriers, including UPS and FedEx, temporarily removed MD-11s from service. The Federal Aviation Administration issued airworthiness directives that temporarily grounded the MD-11 and the related DC-10 model because of design commonalities affecting the pylon/wing attachment. Local officials and first responders described a scene of intense destruction on impact. Video and photographic evidence included in the NTSB packet show the left engine separating from the aircraft and the airplane striking structures near the airport perimeter before being consumed by post-crash fire. Authorities closed portions of the airport in the immediate aftermath and emergency services responded to multiple ground casualties. Investigators said they will continue metallurgical analysis of the failed pylon components, review the aircraft’s full maintenance and repair history (including recent work performed by third-party repair facilities), and reconstruct load and stress conditions immediately prior to failure. The agency also is reviewing whether inspection protocols for that specific lug/component were adequate given the airplane’s age and usage cycles.

NTSB Finds Fatigue Cracks In MD-11 Pylon Linked To Deadly UPS Flight 2976 Crash

Aviation Today News Desk November 21, 2025

Louisville, United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) said on Thursday its preliminary investigation into the Nov. 4 crash of

Hong Kong, China: Hong Kong’s Air Accident Investigation Authority (AAIA) has released its preliminary findings into last month’s fatal runway excursion involving an Emirates SkyCargo Boeing 747-481BDSF, operated by ACT Airlines, which veered off Runway 07L and plunged into the sea at Hong Kong International Airport on 20 October. The newly published report provides the first detailed account of the aircraft’s final moments but stops short of assigning cause, in line with international aviation investigation standards. According to the AAIA, the freighter, operating as flight UAE9788 from Dubai World Central, completed a routine approach to Runway 07L shortly before 4 a.m. local time. The co-pilot had control of the aircraft during the landing, while the captain served as pilot monitoring. Weather conditions at the time were favourable, with visibility exceeding 10 kilometres and all navigation, communication, and surveillance systems functioning normally. No foreign object debris or airfield irregularities were reported prior to the landing. After touchdown, the aircraft began decelerating as expected until an “AUTOBRAKES” alert appeared on the Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System. In response, the captain immediately took control of the aircraft. Within moments, the 747 began an uncommanded drift to the left and subsequently departed the runway surface abeam Taxiway C6. The aircraft broke through the airfield perimeter fence and collided with a stationary airport security vehicle positioned on the service road outside the runway boundary. The force of the impact pushed the patrol vehicle into the sea, killing both security personnel inside. The 747 continued forward and came to rest partially submerged in the waters adjacent to the airport. Its tail section had separated during the violent sequence, and the aircraft was declared destroyed. All four crew members survived without injury. The preliminary report reveals critical details from the flight data recorder that may help explain the aircraft’s sudden loss of directional control. Investigators confirmed that the aircraft had been dispatched under the Minimum Equipment List with the No. 4 engine thrust reverser inoperative, a condition permissible under the operator’s regulatory framework. While engines No. 2 and 3 entered reverse thrust at approximately 95% N1 and engine No. 1 entered idle reverse, engine No. 4 behaved abnormally. Instead of providing reverse or idle thrust, the outboard right engine began accelerating rapidly in the forward direction, reaching 90% N1 shortly after touchdown. Within seconds, it surged even further, climbing to more than 106% N1 before the aircraft left the runway. The strong forward thrust from a single engine created a severe asymmetry during the critical landing roll. When investigators examined the flight deck after the accident, they found the thrust levers for engines 1, 2, and 3 fully closed with their reverse levers deployed to maximum. However, the No. 4 engine thrust lever was discovered in the full forward position, with its reverse lever also fully forward an unusual configuration that will be a major focus of the ongoing inquiry. The speed brake lever was in the flight detent position, and the autobrake selector had disarmed during the landing roll. The AAIA has already completed extensive work, including securing and analysing the wreckage, retrieving the flight recorders, reviewing air traffic control surveillance data, studying foreign object debris detection reports, and interviewing both the flight crew and duty controllers. The investigation is now concentrating on several areas: the technical behaviour of the aircraft’s systems and engines at the time of the accident, the source and implications of the forward movement of the No. 4 thrust lever, the performance of the aircraft’s braking and thrust-reversing systems, and potential human factors. Investigators are also reviewing maintenance records, operational procedures, and the airline’s safety management practices. The AAIA emphasised that the objective of the investigation is to prevent future accidents and not to apportion blame. A final report addressing the causes and contributing factors will be issued once the analysis is complete, a process that could take up to a year.

AAIA Issues Initial Findings On Deadly Emirates 747 Runway Excursion In Hong Kong

Aviation Today News Desk November 19, 2025

Hong Kong, China: Hong Kong’s Air Accident Investigation Authority (AAIA) has released its preliminary findings into last month’s fatal runway excursion

Washington, United States: The family of a passenger killed in January’s midair collision near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport has filed the first federal lawsuit over the disaster, naming American Airlines, its regional affiliate PSA Airlines, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the U.S. Army as defendants. The complaint, filed Tuesday in U.S. District Court, comes from Rachel Crafton, whose husband, Casey Crafton, was among the 67 people killed when American Eagle Flight 5342 collided with a U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter on January 29. The crash, which occurred at low altitude just half a mile from the runway, killed all 64 people aboard the Embraer E175 regional jet and all three Army crew members on the helicopter. Crafton’s lawsuit accuses the defendants of negligence and wrongful death, arguing that the tragedy was both predictable and preventable. The 115-page filing cites more than 30 documented near misses in the crowded D.C. airspace that, according to the suit, were ignored by regulators and operators. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) preliminary findings indicate insufficient vertical separation, estimated at just 75 feet, and highlight a history of over 15,000 near-misses between aircraft and helicopters in the area from 2021 to 2024, many occurring at night or above designated altitudes. The NTSB has recommended that the FAA restrict helicopter operations near DCA during active runway use and designate safer routes to prevent future collisions. The full investigation is ongoing, with a final report expected in 2026. “The defendants utterly failed in their responsibilities to protect passengers, crew, and the public,” the complaint alleges. It further faults American and PSA for inadequate pilot training, the FAA for failing to redesign or better monitor congested flight paths into Reagan National, and the Army for not preventing its aircraft from entering civilian approach corridors. The suit also highlights alleged air traffic control failures, including the absence of timely safety alerts that could have helped avoid the collision. This federal filing follows earlier Federal Tort Claims Act notices submitted by Crafton in February, seeking $250 million in damages from the FAA and the Army. Those claims are a legal prerequisite to suing the U.S. government, which typically enjoys sovereign immunity unless exceptions apply. The FAA responded with a statement of condolences, noting that it had “acted decisively” since the crash to improve safety over the capital region and pledged full cooperation with the ongoing National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation. The Army declined to comment, citing the active investigation, but said it remains focused on supporting victims’ families. American Airlines and PSA signaled they would defend themselves in court, pointing to their overall safety record. The Crafton case is expected to be a bellwether lawsuit, with other families of victims likely to join or file their own claims in the coming months. The NTSB’s final accident report, expected in 2026, will likely shape the scope of liability across all parties.

Widow of Passenger Sues American Airlines, FAA, Army Over Deadly D.C. Collision

Aviation Today News Desk September 25, 2025

Washington, United States: The family of a passenger killed in January’s midair collision near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport has filed

Kentucky, United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has released its final report into the September 27, 2023, crash of a Piper PA-28-161 that killed a flight instructor and student pilot near Whitesville, Kentucky, concluding that the accident was caused by the instructor’s decision to continue flying into an area of severe thunderstorms. Investigators found the airplane suffered an in-flight breakup after encountering extreme turbulence inside convective weather. The Eagle Flight Academy aircraft departed Bowling Green-Woodhurst Airport at 9:55 p.m. for a night cross-country training mission intended to complete the student’s night-flying requirement. The 22-year-old instructor and 18-year-old student were on their first flight together. According to ADS-B data and air traffic control recordings, the aircraft climbed to 4,500 feet and was warned by controllers at 10:44 p.m. of “heavy to extreme precipitation” to its left. Two minutes later, the instructor requested an instrument flight rules clearance but continued circling in the weather and reported the airplane was “getting blown around like crazy” and in “pretty extreme turbulence.” Moments later, communications ceased. Radar data showed a right descending turn before the plane broke apart. The debris field stretched across 25 acres of wooded terrain. Post-accident examination revealed no mechanical failures. Investigators confirmed the aircraft exceeded its structural limits while penetrating severe weather. The NTSB cited the instructor’s decision-making as the defining factor: “The flight instructor’s improper decision to continue flight into a known area of thunderstorms resulted in an in-flight breakup.” The weather briefing obtained before departure included an active convective SIGMET warning of severe storms with tops to 42,000 feet, hail, and wind gusts up to 50 knots. The NTSB also highlighted the potential latency of weather radar images from cockpit and mobile applications, cautioning pilots that such data may be several minutes old and could under-represent the severity or position of fast-moving storms. Autopsies determined both occupants died of multiple blunt-force injuries. Toxicology tests were negative for the instructor. The student tested positive for cetirizine, an over-the-counter antihistamine, but impairment could not be determined.

CFI’s Choice to Fly in Severe Weather Caused Crash that Killed Student and Self: NTSB

Aviation Today News Desk September 11, 2025

Kentucky, United States: The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has released its final report into the September 27, 2023, crash of

Mumbai, India: The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) has issued its preliminary report on July 21, 2025 runway excursion involving an Air India Airbus A320-neo at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport, offering the first official account of what caused the aircraft to veer off course upon landing. According to the report, Air India flight AI 2744 was operating from Kochi to Mumbai with 182 people on board including two pilots and five cabin crew when it touched down during heavy rainfall but failed to stay on the runway centerline. Investigators said the aircraft’s right-hand main wheels and nose gear entered the grassy area adjacent to the runway before the crew was able to steer it back onto the paved surface. Despite the excursion, the aircraft maintained control and continued taxiing under its own power to parking bay K5L, where passengers disembarked safely. No injuries were reported among passengers or crew. The AAIB report detailed significant damage to the aircraft’s undercarriage and engine cowling. Three main tyres numbers 2, 3, and 4 were found deflated with cut marks, likely caused by contact with uneven ground. The right engine fan cowl showed cuts on both sides, while investigators also noted grass ingestion in both main landing gear assemblies and the nose landing gear. The report highlights adverse weather conditions as a contributing factor. Mumbai was experiencing intense monsoon rainfall at the time of landing, which likely reduced runway friction. Airport officials briefly suspended operations following the incident to conduct runway inspections, after which flight movements resumed. Air India deployed maintenance teams to tow the aircraft to its hangar for detailed inspection and repairs. The final investigation report is yet to be released.

AAIB Preliminary Report Notes Adverse Weather in Air India Mumbai Runway Excursion

Aviation Today News Desk September 9, 2025

Mumbai, India: The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) has issued its preliminary report on July 21, 2025 runway excursion involving an

Investigation

South Korea Approves Independent Probe Into Deadly Jeju Air Crash That Killed 179

U.S. Government Acknowledges Breach Of Duty In Washington Mid-Air Crash That Killed 67

Beijing Court Orders Malaysia Airlines To Pay 2.9M Yuan To Families Of MH370 Victims

Air NZ A320-Neo Suffered Uncommanded Engine Shutdown Due to Faulty Fire-Switch: TAIC

DGCA Grounds Air India A320 After Aircraft Operates Eight Flights Without Valid ARC

NTSB Finds Fatigue Cracks In MD-11 Pylon Linked To Deadly UPS Flight 2976 Crash

AAIA Issues Initial Findings On Deadly Emirates 747 Runway Excursion In Hong Kong

Widow of Passenger Sues American Airlines, FAA, Army Over Deadly D.C. Collision

AAIB Preliminary Report Notes Adverse Weather in Air India Mumbai Runway Excursion

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